PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is a high-speed interface standard that connects the motherboard to expansion cards such as graphics cards
storage devices
and network adapters. The PCIe standard has gone through several generations
each offering increased bandwidth and improved performance. In this article
we will discuss the differences between PCIe Gen1
Gen2
Gen3
and Gen4.
PCIe Gen1 was the first version of the PCIe standard
introduced in 2003. It had a maximum bandwidth of 2.5 gigatransfers per second (GT/s) per lane
with a x16 slot providing up to 16 GB/s of bandwidth. PCIe Gen1 had a 250 MB/s data rate per lane in each direction
allowing for a total of 500 MB/s of full-duplex bandwidth.
PCIe Gen2
released in 2007
doubled the maximum bandwidth to 5 GT/s per lane
providing up to 32 GB/s of bandwidth for a x16 slot. PCIe Gen2 also introduced the concept of lane reversal
which allowed for lane widths of x1
x2
x4
x8
and x16. This allowed for better flexibility in system design and improved performance for high-bandwidth applications.
PCIe Gen3
introduced in 2010
doubled the maximum bandwidth again to 8 GT/s per lane
providing up to 64 GB/s of bandwidth for a x16 slot. PCIe Gen3 also introduced the concept of receiver equalization
which allowed for better signal integrity and longer cable lengths. This improved performance and allowed for higher data rates over longer distances.
PCIe Gen4
released in 2017
doubled the maximum bandwidth once more to 16 GT/s per lane
providing up to 128 GB/s of bandwidth for a x16 slot. PCIe Gen4 also introduced new features such as link equalization
which improved signal integrity at higher data rates. PCIe Gen4 is backwards compatible with previous generations
allowing for seamless integration with existing hardware and software.
Overall
each generation of PCIe has brought significant improvements in terms of bandwidth
performance
and signal integrity. PCIe Gen4 is the latest standard and offers the highest bandwidth and performance to date. As technology continues to advance
PCIe will continue to evolve to meet the demands of modern computing applications.
In conclusion
PCIe Gen1
Gen2
Gen3
and Gen4 are different generations of the PCIe standard
each offering increased bandwidth and improved performance. PCIe Gen4 is the latest standard and provides the highest bandwidth and performance. As technology continues to advance
PCIe will continue to evolve to meet the demands of modern computing applications.
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